Iran has signalled cautious optimism over its recent memorandum of understanding (MoU) with the United States, even as the country mourns the death of former Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. Senior Iranian officials acknowledged that implementing the agreement would be challenging but maintained that diplomacy remained possible despite deep differences between the two countries.

Speaking in Tehran on Monday, Iranian Parliament Speaker and senior negotiator Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf described the implementation of the US-Iran memorandum as "difficult, but possible." His remarks came during a meeting with Mohammad Darwish, head of Hamas' leadership council, who travelled to Iran to attend Khamenei's funeral ceremonies.

Meanwhile, Tehran witnessed one of the largest public gatherings in recent Iranian history as millions of mourners lined the streets for Khamenei's state funeral. The procession began from Tehran's Grand Mosalla Mosque, where the late leader had lain in state, before moving along a 10-kilometre route through the capital. Officials expect the ceremony to last up to 12 hours before the body is taken to the holy city of Qom for further religious rites and final burial.

The funeral drew top Iranian political, military and religious leaders, along with foreign delegations from across the region. Khamenei's sons also attended the funeral prayers, while mourners showered flowers on the coffin and carried red flags bearing slogans associated with calls for justice and resistance.

Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian described the funeral as more than a farewell, saying it represented a renewed commitment to continue Khamenei's political and ideological legacy. State media claimed the event had attracted millions of participants, calling it one of the country's largest public gatherings.

The funeral also reflected the continuing tensions in the region. Israeli Defence Minister Israel Katz warned that Israel would act against any future Iranian leader who sought the country's destruction. Separately, reports emerged of fresh Israeli military activity in southern Lebanon, where state media said explosions occurred during overnight operations.

In another development, reports suggested Pakistan could host the next round of US-Iran negotiations on July 11, although there has been no official confirmation from either Washington or Tehran.

Energy markets also remained in focus after OPEC+ announced its fifth consecutive monthly increase in oil production. Beginning in August, seven member countries will collectively raise output by 188,000 barrels per day as global crude prices continue to ease following the recent conflict involving Iran, Israel and the United States.

Despite the diplomatic opening with Washington, Iranian leaders maintained a firm public stance. Earlier in the day, Ghalibaf described the MoU as a political achievement for Iran and the so-called "Axis of Resistance," while warning that Tehran would continue to resist external pressure.

The funeral ceremonies come at a critical moment for West Asia, where regional powers are balancing renewed diplomatic engagement with persistent security tensions. Analysts believe the implementation of the US-Iran understanding, combined with leadership changes in Tehran, could significantly influence the region's political and strategic landscape in the coming months.

Global energy markets and geopolitical fronts are experiencing sharp volatility following a wave of major updates on Tuesday. US President Donald Trump issued a stern warning to domestic fuel retailers to slash gasoline prices immediately, citing a steep disconnect with falling global crude benchmarks.

Concurrently, a fragile diplomatic breakthrough between Washington and Tehran is facing severe strain. Israeli Defense Minister Israel Katz warned that a direct military confrontation with Iran remains highly possible "within 2 days," even as shipping traffic tentatively resumes in the vital Strait of Hormuz under a newly signed US-Iran Memorandum of Understanding (MoU).

Trump Warns US Fuel Retailers Against Price Gouging

Taking to Truth Social, US President Donald Trump demanded that domestic fuel companies align pump prices with dropping crude oil values, which have dipped to approximately $68 a barrel ($72.51 for global Brent August futures).

"Gasoline retailers must get their prices down, immediately! They're too high considering that oil is now at $68 a barrel, and heading south... There will be no gouging, which is totally illegal. If retailers don't do this, big problems lie ahead," Trump posted.

Middle East Tensions: Brinkmanship and Diplomatic Manoeuvres

Despite the existence of a fresh US-Iran MoU aimed at halting mutual attacks, the regional security apparatus remains on a knife-edge.

Geopolitical Flashpoints Portfolio:

├── Israel-Iran Threat : Defense Minister Israel Katz warns of strikes within 48 hours if Iran retaliates over Lebanon.

├── West Bank Crisis   : UN warns of the worst displacement crisis since 1967 driven by settler violence.

└── Iraq Ultimatum     : Baghdad sets a strict Sept 30 deadline for pro-Iran armed groups to fully disarm.

In Tel Aviv, Israeli Defense Minister Israel Katz stated that the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) are on high alert to strike targets deep inside Iran if Tehran launches missiles in response to recent Israeli operations in southern Lebanon. Meanwhile, Israeli drones carried out fresh strikes in the Bint Jbeil District of southern Lebanon, though no casualties were immediately reported.

The Battle for the Strait of Hormuz

The Strait of Hormuz, which was closed by Iran on February 28 at the onset of the US-Israel conflict with Tehran—stranding nearly 600 ships—is seeing a gradual revival. According to tracking data from Kpler and MarineTraffic, around 24 to 48 major vessels are now transiting daily, up from the near-total standstill over the weekend. However, control over the waterway remains a fierce diplomatic battleground:

Strait of Hormuz Administration Conflict:

├── Iranian Stance : Chairman Ebrahim Azizi calls the strait an "inseparable part of Iranian sovereignty."

├── Omani Stance   : Proposes transit service fees (Malacca model) and states Iran holds primary demining duties.

└── US Stance      : Firmly opposes any transit or service fees imposed on international commercial shipping.

Conflicting Signals Over Doha Talks

A heavy fog of diplomatic friction surrounds Qatar, where senior US Special Envoy Steve Witkoff has arrived for talks. President Trump announced that American and Iranian teams would hold significant denuclearisation meetings in Doha on Tuesday.

However, Tehran has explicitly denied entering any direct negotiation phase with Washington. Iranian Foreign Ministry spokesperson Esmaeil Baghaei clarified that the Iranian delegation in Doha is solely verifying the implementation of the preliminary MoU—specifically monitoring if the US is adhering to oil export waivers (Article 10) and releasing frozen Iranian assets (Article 11).

Iran maintains that formal negotiations for a comprehensive settlement will not begin until the US fully lifts its naval blockades and withdraws its forces from close proximity to Iranian territories.

Fresh Israeli drone strikes in southern Lebanon on Tuesday killed at least four people, according to Lebanese media reports, hours after US President Donald Trump publicly criticised Israel's military actions and warned that continued attacks were undermining a broader regional understanding involving Iran.

The latest strikes targeted two vehicles in southern Lebanon, the Lebanese state-run National News Agency (NNA) reported. Several others were injured in the attacks. The incident has further heightened tensions in the region amid ongoing diplomatic efforts aimed at reducing conflict across West Asia.

The strikes came shortly after Trump, speaking on the sidelines of the G7 Summit in France, expressed dissatisfaction with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's handling of the conflict in Lebanon. The US President said Israel's continued military operations were casting a "negative light" on the emerging understanding with Iran and questioned the scale of destruction caused during operations against Hezbollah.

Trump indicated that the conflict had dragged on for too long and suggested that military actions should be more targeted. His remarks marked one of the strongest public criticisms of Netanyahu's Lebanon strategy from Washington in recent months.

Despite those comments, Israel proceeded with fresh operations in southern Lebanon. Lebanese authorities have accused Israel of maintaining a sustained military campaign across the country. According to figures cited by Lebanese officials, Israeli attacks since March have resulted in thousands of deaths, although independent verification of the overall casualty figures remains difficult amid the ongoing conflict.

Regional tensions have also intensified following statements from Iran. Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi said any future Israeli military action in Lebanon would be viewed as a violation of the understanding reached between Tehran and Washington. He argued that any lasting peace arrangement in the region must also address Israeli military presence in territories occupied during the conflict.

The Iranian position links the broader diplomatic process with developments on the ground in Lebanon, raising concerns that continued hostilities could complicate already fragile negotiations.

Meanwhile, Netanyahu has maintained that Israeli forces will continue operations for as long as necessary to address security concerns along the northern border. Israeli officials have repeatedly argued that military measures are required to counter threats posed by Hezbollah.

Israel's Defence Minister Israel Katz had earlier stated that security arrangements in southern Lebanon would remain in place until Israeli authorities are satisfied that cross-border threats have been eliminated. Israeli leaders have also indicated that military control over certain areas may continue for an extended period.

The humanitarian situation in southern Lebanon remains a major concern. Reports from Lebanese authorities indicate that hundreds of thousands of residents have been displaced since the escalation of hostilities. Large sections of infrastructure, residential buildings and public facilities have also suffered damage.

The latest strikes are likely to increase international scrutiny of Israel's military campaign at a time when diplomatic efforts are focused on reducing tensions across the region. With Washington, Tehran and regional actors publicly exchanging warnings and demands, developments in Lebanon are increasingly becoming a central factor in the wider geopolitical landscape.

Further details regarding the victims of Tuesday's strikes and the broader diplomatic response are awaited.

US helicopter incident near Strait of Hormuz raises fresh concerns amid Iran–Israel pause; investigation launched into cause

A US Army Apache attack helicopter crashed into waters near the Strait of Hormuz on Monday morning, but both crew members were rescued and reported uninjured, US officials said, in an incident that has heightened anxieties across an already tense region.

According to a brief statement from the US military and reporting by international outlets, the rescue operation took place shortly after the helicopter went down in the busy shipping corridor. President Donald Trump, speaking to reporters in New York later in the day, confirmed the crew were “safe” and said a formal report on the cause would be released “later” as investigators examine whether the aircraft suffered a technical failure or was downed by hostile action.

What happened

Initial reports said the helicopter—identified by sources as an Apache gunship—went down in the early hours near the narrow sea lane that links the Persian Gulf to the Gulf of Oman. US Navy and Coast Guard units were involved in recovery and search operations, and local authorities assisted in securing the site, officials said. No injuries beyond the two crew members have been reported and no civilian vessels were affected.

An inquiry under military protocols has been opened to determine whether the crash resulted from mechanical malfunction, pilot error, or enemy fire. “We are treating this as an active investigation,” a US defence official told reporters on the condition of anonymity. A preliminary report, officials said, is expected in the next 24 hours.

Regional context

The incident comes against the backdrop of a fragile pause between Iran and Israel after an intense period of strikes and counter-strikes earlier this month. Washington has been closely engaged in diplomatic efforts to stabilise the situation, even as Israeli officials warned they will continue operations against Hezbollah in Lebanon and Iran signalled it could resume strikes if provoked.

President Trump told reporters he was in the “final throes” of negotiating a broader West Asia peace deal and suggested a resolution could come within days. Analysts caution, however, that single incidents—especially those in or near critical maritime choke points—can quickly complicate negotiations and raise the risk of miscalculation.

Reactions and implications

US and allied naval commanders have long warned that the Strait of Hormuz is vulnerable during periods of heightened regional tension because a sizable share of the world’s seaborne oil passes through the channel. Oil markets reacted modestly on the news, with traders citing the accident and continued threats between Tehran and Tel Aviv as upside risks to supply.

In Jerusalem, Israel’s defence minister reiterated that the Israel Defense Forces would continue operations against Hezbollah if necessary, underscoring that military activity in Lebanon remains a parallel theatre in the broader confrontation with Iran. Tehran, meanwhile, has publicly warned against renewed aggression and has previously hinted that US military assets could be considered legitimate targets in a wider conflict.

What officials are saying

White House and Pentagon spokespeople emphasized there was no evidence yet linking the helicopter’s loss to hostile fire, and pledged a full and transparent investigation. “We will determine what happened and make the findings public when available,” a Pentagon official said. Iranian and regional sources did not immediately claim responsibility for the incident.

Local eyewitnesses in nearby ports reported seeing search vessels and aircraft on patrol later in the morning, while shipping operators said movement through the Strait initially continued unhindered but with increased caution.

What’s next

Military investigators are expected to survey any wreckage recovered from the sea and to interview crew members and rescue personnel. Diplomatically, the episode is likely to feature in ongoing US consultations with regional partners as Washington seeks to keep the ceasefire and the wider talks on track.

For now, the safe rescue of the two crew members defuses the immediate human cost, but the crash has reminded strategists how quickly localized incidents can escalate in a volatile theatre. Officials say clarity on the cause will be crucial to avoid missteps that might imperil the fragile pause between Iran and Israel.

Israel launched strikes on military targets in western and central Iran early Monday, according to the Israeli military, after Iran fired a wave of missiles at northern Israel — a significant escalation that has reverberated across the region and pushed oil prices higher.

Strikes reported across Iran
The Israeli armed forces said the strikes hit military installations in western and central provinces. State media in Iran and local broadcasters reported explosions in Tehran, Tabriz and Isfahan in the early morning hours, and the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) said Israel used air-launched ballistic missiles in the attacks, the IRNA news agency reported.

Iranian emergency services and the Iranian Red Crescent said they were on standby to deal with any fallout. “Rapid response teams, logistical, relief and medical facilities are standing by following this morning’s strikes,” the Red Crescent said on X. There were no immediate independent confirmations of casualty figures.

Why it happened
Initial reports indicate the Israeli strikes were retaliatory. Earlier on Monday Iran launched missiles at northern Israel — the first such barrage since the April ceasefire — citing repeated Israeli actions in Lebanon that Tehran said violated the truce. Iranian officials described the missile fire as a response to what they called ongoing Israeli aggression.

According to regional analysts and Western officials, the sequence of attacks marks one of the sharpest direct exchanges between Israel and Iran since the broader round of hostilities began in spring. “This is a rapid escalation in a conflict that has largely been proxied through militia groups until now,” a Western diplomat familiar with the situation said, speaking on condition of anonymity.

US and allies respond
The United States reported shooting down two Iranian drones over the Strait of Hormuz in the past 48 hours, citing threats to international shipping, and CENTCOM said those actions were taken to protect commercial vessels. US President Donald Trump, in a telephone interview with the Financial Times, said Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu would have “no choice” but to accept any deal the United States negotiates with Iran. “He won’t have any choice. I call the shots,” Trump said, adding the strikes would not derail US-Iran negotiations.

Regional disruptions
Several countries moved quickly to protect civil aviation and shipping. Iran closed western airspace until further notice; neighbouring Iraq closed its airspace for 72 hours and Syria for 12 hours. Saudi authorities issued alerts in parts of Riyadh province after reports of an explosion near Al Kharj, though Iranian state media denied firing on the Saudi base.

Markets reacted immediately. Brent crude rose about 3.6% within an hour of the strikes being reported, trading near $96–97 a barrel, while West Texas Intermediate climbed more than 3%.

Ground-level picture
Residents in Tehran and Isfahan reported hearing explosions early on Monday; social media carried video clips of shockwaves and emergency responders at sites around the affected cities. Local hospitals and civil defence agencies were placed on alert as authorities assessed damage.

Analysts warned the risk of miscalculation is high. “When both sides begin striking each other’s territory directly, there’s a narrower margin to prevent wider conflict,” said a regional security analyst in New Delhi. “Escalation can spread quickly through allied militias and third-party actors.”

What happens next
Diplomatic channels are expected to be active in coming hours and days. Western capitals and regional powers are likely to call for restraint while assessing whether the strikes were targeted at military infrastructure only or intended to undermine Iran’s wider capabilities.

Iran has long demanded guarantees over its right to enrich uranium and the release of frozen assets as part of talks with the US; Tehran also accused shifting US positions of stalling negotiations. How the strikes influence those talks remains unclear — President Trump said they would not alter his push to conclude a deal.

For ordinary people in the region the immediate concern is safety and disruption: flights, cross-border trade and oil shipments may face short-term interruptions, and any sustained exchange could compound an already fragile security situation.

Sources and attribution
Details in this report are based on statements from the Israeli military, Iranian state agencies including IRNA, the Iranian Red Crescent, CENTCOM briefings, and statements from US officials and media interviews. Local eyewitness accounts and market data on crude prices were also consulted.

Israel launched a fresh round of strikes across southern Lebanon on Tuesday, military and local sources said, even after a reportedly heated call in which US President Donald Trump berated Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu over the escalation. The strikes and cross-border exchanges marked a fragile and volatile phase in a region already teetering under days of widening hostilities.

Early strikes, warnings

Israeli warplanes and drones struck towns in the Nabatieh and Tyre districts in the early hours, hitting residential areas and reportedly damaging homes, Lebanese state media and local correspondents said. The Israeli army issued evacuation orders for parts of Nabatieh city, urging civilians to move north of the Zahrani River ahead of planned operations. Lebanese health officials reported casualties from multiple incidents, including a drone strike that killed a dentist and two children on the Nabatieh-Khardali road.

According to Israeli military briefings, air defences also intercepted projectiles that crossed into northern Israel overnight, while a “suspicious aerial target” later fell inside Israeli territory near the border. No Israeli injuries were reported in those incidents.

US-Israel phone clash

The escalation came despite, and in some accounts because of, an intense phone call between Trump and Netanyahu, Reuters and Axios reported. The US president was said to have angrily questioned Israeli actions, warning they risked undermining sensitive diplomacy with Iran. Axios quoted Trump as asking, in expletive-laced language, “What the f are you doing?”

Israeli officials declined to comment directly on the tone of the call but Prime Minister Netanyahu told supporters late Monday that operations in southern Lebanon would continue “as planned.” The New York Times and Israeli media said that while Washington had sought to limit a wider assault—particularly on Beirut’s southern suburbs—Netanyahu maintained Israel would press on against Hezbollah positions in the south.

Diplomatic ripple effects

The strikes have already produced diplomatic fallout. Iran’s negotiating team briefly paused indirect talks with the US, Tehran’s semi-official Mehr News reported, warning that continued Israeli attacks in Lebanon could scuttle any memorandum of understanding in the works. Iran’s parliamentary speaker Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf told Lebanon’s Nabih Berri that Tehran would halt dialogue with Washington if the “crimes” in Lebanon persisted.

The situation has prompted regional measures: Bahrain barred citizens from travel to Iran and Iraq citing security concerns, while France publicly criticised Israel’s deep operations inside Lebanese territory. On the ground in Lebanon, Finance Minister Yassine Jaber warned that economic losses from the conflict could top $25 billion if hostilities continue.

Hezbollah, US proposal

Meanwhile, diplomatic channels have shown glimmers of possible de-escalation. Sources earlier said Hezbollah had agreed in principle to a US-backed ceasefire proposal that would pause airstrikes on southern Beirut suburbs in exchange for an end to rocket and drone attacks into Israel. Officials in Beirut told correspondents that Lebanese authorities were reviewing the offer and awaiting clearer guarantees from both sides.

Still, uncertainty remains. Israeli leaders have repeatedly said they reserve the right to strike “terror targets” in Beirut if Hezbollah attacks on Israeli civilians continue, comments that have raised alarm among Lebanese officials and neighbours.

Human cost, displacement

On the ground in southern Lebanon, residents described disrupted nights and mounting fear. Hospitals in Tyre and Nabatieh reported treating wounded from air raids and artillery strikes; local aid groups have warned that displacement is increasing as families flee to the north or seek shelter in larger towns. Humanitarian agencies are pressing for safe corridors but say the security environment and damaged infrastructure complicate relief efforts.

What happens next

Diplomats in Washington and regional capitals said negotiations and shuttling will intensify in the coming days, aiming to lock in any stopgap understandings that can prevent a wider confrontation. Officials close to the US administration told reporters they expect talks with Tehran could resume if attacks on Lebanon are contained, but Iranian sources cautioned that final texts were still under review.

For now, the conflict’s trajectory hinges on two immediate variables: whether Israel follows through on broader plans against Hezbollah strongholds beyond the south, and whether Tehran will link any US-Iran diplomatic progress to a halt in Israeli operations. As both sides weigh military steps against political calculations, civilians across northern Israel and southern Lebanon remain exposed to renewed strikes and displacement.

US plan aims to halt Hezbollah attacks in exchange for no further Israeli escalation; Iran says talks with Washington are ongoing but outcome uncertain

The United States has submitted a diplomatic proposal aiming to curb the widening hostilities in Lebanon, a senior US official told Al Jazeera on Sunday, even as Tehran said its communications with Washington continue and the final outcome remains uncertain.

Under the US “roadmap”, outlined to Lebanese and Israeli leaders over the past 48 hours, Hezbollah would suspend attacks on Israeli territory in return for Israel refraining from further military escalation in Beirut and other Lebanese population centres, the official said. Secretary of State Marco Rubio held separate calls with Lebanese President Joseph Aoun and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to press the idea, the official added.

Lebanese politics complicate push

President Aoun sought to advance the US proposal, according to the official, but Parliament Speaker Nabih Berri — a key Shia political figure closely aligned with Hezbollah — described his response as “evasive and disappointing”. Berri, speaking to Lebanon’s National News Agency, said he could guarantee Hezbollah’s commitment to a ceasefire, but questioned who would force Israel to stop its strikes and incursions.

Lebanon’s Health Ministry reported that the death toll from Israel’s military campaign since March 2 has reached 3,412, with 10,269 wounded as of May 31. The ministry’s figures cover casualties recorded between March 2 and May 31 and underscore the heavy civilian impact of the expanding campaign, particularly in southern Lebanon and areas around Tyre and Nabatieh.

Regional and international reactions

The proposed US initiative comes amid growing international concern over Israeli offensives in Lebanon. France, Britain and Germany have publicly called for an end to escalation. UK Foreign Secretary Yvette Cooper urged Israel to stop operations that, she said, have “eroded space for diplomacy.” France requested an emergency UN Security Council meeting.

Qatar, Egypt and the UAE joined the chorus, condemning the expansion of hostilities and warning that further military action risks wider regional destabilisation. The proposal is intended, the US official said, to “create a conducive environment” for step‑by‑step de‑escalation and a comprehensive cessation of hostilities.

Ground developments and recent strikes

The ceasefire push arrives as Israeli forces have renewed a series of strikes and ground movements in southern Lebanon. Lebanon’s official National News Agency and the health ministry reported multiple air strikes at dawn on Sunday in towns including Deir Zahrani, Dbeibine and Burj Qalawiya, with some incidents causing civilian casualties.

Hezbollah has continued to retaliate with drones, rocket salvoes and targeted strikes against Israeli positions; Israeli military statements claim more than 900 Hezbollah fighters have been killed since the start of the conflict in early March. Both sides reported missile launches and interceptions overnight, and sirens sounded in northern Israel after reports of incoming projectiles.

Iran‑US communications continue

In Tehran, Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi told state media that dialogue and message exchanges between Iran and the United States are ongoing but cautioned it is too soon to judge any final outcome. “Everything that is being said now is speculation,” he said, according to IRNA, asking that reports be treated cautiously until talks reach a clear conclusion.

The Iranian government meanwhile has been active on multiple fronts: restoring limited gas production at South Pars platforms after March damage, and asserting a legal rationale for collecting environmental fees from ships transiting the Strait of Hormuz, officials said.

What comes next

Diplomats say the US plan faces steep political obstacles inside Lebanon, where key figures linked to Hezbollah demand reciprocal Israeli restraint as an initial step. Washington will reportedly continue shuttle diplomacy, and international pressure is likely to intensify at the UN and through regional interlocutors.

On the ground, the immediate prospects for a halt in violence appear fragile. Military movements, air strikes and cross‑border incidents persisted on Monday morning, with civilian casualties mounting. Observers in Beirut said any agreement will require robust verification mechanisms and guarantees acceptable to both Lebanese political factions and Israeli security planners.

For now, officials in Washington, Beirut and Tehran emphasise talks rather than imminent resolution. “Negotiations are ongoing,” Araghchi said — a caveat that may mean diplomatic gains are possible but far from certain.

Prime minister’s remark on taking “first of all 70%” of Gaza appears in West Bank speech; move could push nearly 2 million Palestinians to relocate

Israeli announcement and reaction
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu told an audience in the occupied West Bank on Thursday that he had instructed the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) to take control of about 70% of the Gaza Strip, a statement that drew immediate international concern and alarm among Palestinian officials. “We are now in 60% of the territory of the Gaza Strip… My directive is to move, take over step by step — first of all 70%,” Mr. Netanyahu said, according to a CNN report of the remarks.

Local and regional officials said the comment, coming amid months of fighting and a fragile ceasefire framework, risks triggering large-scale displacement in a densely populated coastal territory where roughly 2 million Palestinians live. Sources familiar with humanitarian planning note that a move to occupy such a large share of Gaza could force mass internal migration and overwhelm already-stretched aid services.

Maps and claimed control
The IDF has previously circulated operational maps to international aid agencies, officials said, and those maps — issued in late April — reportedly depicted Israeli control of roughly 64% of Gaza. Under the October 2025 ceasefire arrangement between Israel and Hamas, Israeli forces had withdrawn to a demarcation known as the “yellow line,” which encompassed about 53% of the enclave.

Humanitarian and political actors warned that shifting lines on the ground would have immediate consequences. “If the boundaries of control expand, it reduces safe space for civilians and complicates aid deliveries,” a senior aid official working in the region said on condition of anonymity. The official added that agencies were already operating under severe constraints on fuel, staff movement and secure supply routes.

Hamas and ceasefire concerns
Hamas condemned what it described as an attempt to unilaterally alter the ceasefire arrangement. In a statement on Tuesday, the group accused Israel of “an explicit and ongoing undermining of the ceasefire agreement” and warned that moving the demarcation line constituted a serious violation meant to “impose new facts on the ground.”

Diplomats in the region said the remarks could complicate international efforts to stabilise the situation and resume reconstruction planning. Western and Arab governments have repeatedly urged restraint and called for guarantees to protect civilians and humanitarian corridors.

Allegations about weapon use
Separately, reports have circulated alleging the use of so-called thermobaric or “vacuum” weapons in Gaza. Investigative outlets and some witnesses have described blasts that create intense heat and large-area effects; such weapons are controversial because of their destructive blast and incendiary characteristics. Israeli officials have repeatedly denied using internationally banned munitions; independent, verifiable confirmation of specific weapon types in many incidents remains limited.

Human toll and long-term damage
The humanitarian toll in Gaza remains severe. Local civil defence authorities have reported thousands of victims whose remains are difficult to recover after intense bombardment. Agricultural and economic damage has been extensive: aid agencies estimate that almost all of Gaza’s agricultural land has been degraded since the start of hostilities, with only small pockets remaining cultivable — a factor that will slow recovery and food security for years.

Chronology and context
The latest statements come nearly two-and-a-half years after the conflict flared on 7 October 2023, when a large-scale Hamas attack into southern Israel prompted a sustained Israeli military campaign. The October 2025 ceasefire created a temporary lull and defined lines of operation, but observers have warned that those arrangements are fragile and subject to change depending on political and military calculations.

What happens next
Officials in Jerusalem offered no immediate operational timeline beyond the prime minister’s directive. International actors — including UN agencies and donor governments — are expected to press for clarification on movement plans, protections for civilians, and guaranteed access for humanitarian relief.

Aid groups on the ground said they are preparing contingency plans for further displacement and reiterating calls for protective measures. “We’re bracing for more people on the move and for humanitarian needs to spike,” one aid coordinator said.

Tehran views Strait of Hormuz as its biggest strategic weapon; Israeli attacks kill 31 in southern Lebanon as ground offensive deepens

Iran is bracing for a potential new war with the United States, with senior officials describing the Strait of Hormuz as Tehran's most formidable strategic asset. According to an Al Jazeera report published Wednesday, Iranian authorities have "zero trust" in Washington, prompting a three-pronged approach focusing on military readiness, domestic support, and diplomatic manoeuvring.

The Iranian Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC) remains on high alert. While officials maintain that dialogue channels technically remain open, the military posture suggests otherwise.

Strait of Hormuz leverage

Iran considers the strategic waterway its greatest bargaining chip. A significant portion of global oil shipments transits through the strait, giving Tehran substantial leverage over the United States and its allies. Any disruption would send shockwaves through international energy markets, officials familiar with the strategy said.

Israeli strikes pound southern Lebanon

Meanwhile, Israel intensified its military campaign across the northern border, with strikes in southern Lebanon killing 31 people and injuring 40 others. The Israeli military issued dozens of forced displacement orders for towns and villages in Lebanon's south and east, triggering panic among residents.

Ground forces pushed deeper into Lebanese territory as families fled northward. The Israeli army warned residents of approximately 50 towns and villages to evacuate, including Nabatiyeh, a major southern town.

Trump criticises US media

US President Donald Trump lashed out at major American news outlets over their coverage of the Iran conflict. Speaking to reporters, Trump claimed that even a complete American military victory would be portrayed by the media as an Iranian win. The remarks drew mixed reactions from political observers.

Four major developments in 24 hours

The past day saw several significant escalations. Iran claimed its forces targeted US MQ-9B and RQ-4 drones and fired on an F-35 fighter jet that allegedly entered Iranian airspace. The Pentagon has not issued an official response.

Internet services were partially restored in Iran after 88 days. NetBlocks described this as the longest national internet blackout in modern history, severely affecting businesses and digital services across the country.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu convened a security meeting with defence officials, focusing on the northern border and Lebanon operations, while intensifying attacks on Hezbollah targets. The US also attacked Iranian mine-laying boats near the Strait of Hormuz and missile bases in Bandar Abbas. Centcom described the operation as an act of self-defence.

Diplomatic channel remains alive

Despite the escalating tensions, US and Iranian officials continue talks through mediators. People in Tehran appear hopeful about a potential understanding—the Iranian currency has appreciated more than five per cent this week, reflecting cautious optimism.

Large numbers of US military aircraft remain stationed at Israeli airports, including Ben Gurion and Ramon, where dozens of fighter jets and refuelling planes have reportedly affected normal flight operations.

Islamabad says its stance on the Middle East issue remains non-negotiable despite fresh calls from Washington linking normalisation to regional peace talks.

In a sharp diplomatic pushback, Pakistan has firmly rejected US President Donald Trump’s latest appeal to normalise relations with Israel by joining the Abraham Accords. Defending the country’s traditional foreign policy, Defence Minister Khawaja Muhammad Asif stated that Islamabad cannot compromise on its foundational principles for short-term strategic gains.

The developments unfolded on Monday after Trump outlined a major diplomatic push on social media, linking ongoing US-Iran peace negotiations to a broader Middle East settlement. In a lengthy public statement, Trump explicitly named Pakistan alongside heavyweights like Saudi Arabia and Turkiye, urging them to simultaneously sign the accords to secure a wider regional alignment.

Reacting swiftly to the proposal during a late-night television interview, Asif made it clear that joining such an arrangement is out of the question. “Personally, I don't think we should join any such accord that clashes with our fundamental ideologies,” the Defence Minister told Samaa TV.

Core ideology non-negotiable

The strongly worded rejection from Islamabad underlines the domestic and political sensitivities that govern Pakistan’s approach to the Middle East. Officials in the foreign ministry indicated that the state's official position has remained consistent for the past 78 years, anchoring any potential recognition of Israel to the creation of an independent Palestinian state based on pre-1967 borders with East Jerusalem as its capital.

Asif also took aim at the diplomatic credibility of the Israeli leadership, questioning how any sovereign nation could engage in structured negotiations under the current global climate. “How will you sit down with those people whose word cannot be trusted even for a single day?” he asked, highlighting deep-seated skepticism over ongoing ceasefire violations in Gaza.

Passport policy stands out

To drive home the point, the Defence Minister pointed toward a unique domestic legal barrier that defines the state’s absolute isolation from Tel Aviv. He reminded the public that the country’s travel documents are intentionally designed to restrict access, calling it an institutional proof of Pakistan's refusal to recognise Israel.

“On our passports, we are the only country whose passports don't even include Israel's name,” Asif noted, referencing the explicit inscription stating the document is valid for all countries except Israel.

Trump’s wider alliance blueprint

The push from Washington appears to be part of a broader, unconventional blueprint curated by the Trump administration to establish a massive US-backed alliance in West Asia. According to diplomatic sources, Trump is attempting to capitalise on the current momentum of negotiations with Iran to pull multiple Muslim-majority states into the Abraham Accords framework.

Trump described the ongoing talks with Tehran as "proceeding nicely" but added a stark warning that failure to secure an all-encompassing deal would mean a return to active hostilities. He argued that the 2020 accords, which initially brought the UAE, Bahrain, and Morocco into formal diplomatic terms with Israel, have triggered an economic and social boom that other regional players should look to replicate.

Economic and domestic tightrope

For the current ruling coalition in Islamabad, balancing Washington's expectations against severe domestic pushback remains an incredibly delicate tightrope walk. Observers note that while Pakistan relies heavily on international financial systems and trade ties with the West, any overt softening towards Israel carries extreme domestic political risks capable of triggering widespread public unrest.

Furthermore, the situation is complicated by the evolving stances of major Gulf monarchies. With key regional allies like Saudi Arabia also being intensely courted by the US for normalisation pacts, Islamabad faces the challenging prospect of maintaining its traditional stance while navigating its deep economic dependency on financial assistance and remittances from the Gulf region.

No policy shift ahead

Despite the mounting pressure, senior officials in Islamabad insist that participation in multilateral humanitarian forums should not be misconstrued as a diplomatic shift. Earlier this year, when questions were raised regarding Pakistani representatives attending a Gaza-related peace board meeting, the Foreign Ministry had issued a similar clarification denying any backchannel movement toward the Abraham Accords.

For now, the government maintains that its position remains absolute, leaving little room for the diplomatic expansion Trump envisioned in his latest regional peace outline.

Tensions in the Middle East have escalated sharply after reports emerged that Iran’s Parliament is preparing a controversial bill that could offer a reward of more than ₹500 crore to anyone involved in the assassination of US President Donald Trump and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.

According to reports, Iran’s National Security Commission is drafting legislation titled “Retaliatory Action of the Islamic Republic’s Military and Security Forces.” The proposed bill reportedly comes amid heightened tensions following the deaths of several Iranian military and political figures, including close associates of Iran’s top leadership. Iranian lawmaker Mahmoud Nabavian reportedly stated that the Parliament may soon vote on the proposal, which would reward individuals responsible for targeting Trump and Netanyahu. The remarks have intensified global concerns over the rapidly deteriorating situation in the region.

The development comes at a time when President Trump claimed he had postponed a military strike on Iran that was reportedly expected on Tuesday. Trump said leaders from Gulf nations including Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates requested additional time to allow diplomatic talks and de-escalation efforts to continue. Trump shared the update through a post on his social media platform Truth Social, saying that discussions were still ongoing and that there remained a narrow window for negotiations. However, he also warned Iran to reach an agreement quickly or face severe consequences.

In one of the strongest statements issued so far, Trump reportedly told Iran that “time is running out” and warned that if a deal is not reached soon, “nothing will be left.” The comments have further fueled speculation about possible US-Israel coordinated military action against Iran. Reports also suggest that dozens of cargo aircraft carrying weapons and military equipment have arrived in Israel from American military bases in Germany. Sources claim that Trump and Netanyahu have held discussions regarding possible future military operations targeting Iranian positions.

Meanwhile, tensions in the strategically crucial Strait of Hormuz have continued to rise. Reports indicate that nearly 1,500 commercial ships are currently stranded in the region amid fears of maritime blockades, missile attacks and drone strikes. More than 20,000 sailors are believed to be onboard these vessels, raising concerns over global oil supply disruptions and international shipping security. The regional situation worsened further after Saudi Arabia claimed its air defence systems intercepted and destroyed three drones that allegedly entered its airspace from the direction of Iraq. Both Kuwait and Qatar condemned the incident and described it as a threat to regional stability and national sovereignty.

Another development drawing international attention is the emergence of videos from Iran allegedly showing young girls receiving AK-47 rifle training. The footage reportedly shows participants learning to assemble and disassemble assault rifles amid growing fears of a wider regional conflict involving the United States and Israel. Security analysts believe the latest rhetoric and military movements indicate one of the most dangerous phases in Middle East geopolitics in recent years. Experts warn that any direct confrontation involving Iran, the United States and Israel could have serious consequences for global oil markets, maritime trade and regional stability.

Diplomatic channels remain active, but international observers say the situation remains highly volatile. Gulf nations are reportedly pushing for urgent negotiations to avoid a broader war that could destabilize the entire region.

Amid rapidly escalating tensions in the Middle East, reports have emerged claiming that Pakistan has deployed nearly 8,000 troops along with fighter jets and advanced air defence systems to Saudi Arabia under a long-standing defence cooperation agreement. The development comes at a time when the region is witnessing heightened military activity due to the ongoing confrontation involving Iran, Israel and the United States.

According to international media reports, Pakistan has reportedly sent around 16 JF-17 Thunder fighter aircraft, drone squadrons and Chinese-origin HQ-9 air defence missile systems to Saudi Arabia. The report further stated that Pakistani military personnel are currently operating these systems, while the Saudi government is bearing the deployment expenses.

Though neither Pakistan nor Saudi Arabia has officially confirmed the deployment, the reports have triggered fresh debate over Islamabad’s strategic role in the evolving Gulf crisis. The alleged deployment is being viewed as a significant move considering the fragile geopolitical situation in the Middle East. Iran’s growing tensions with the United States and Israel have already pushed Gulf nations to strengthen their military preparedness. Saudi Arabia, which has historically maintained close defence ties with Pakistan, is reportedly taking precautionary steps amid fears of wider regional instability.

Military analysts believe the presence of Pakistani troops and fighter jets could be aimed at protecting key Saudi installations, including oil facilities, strategic ports and airbases. Saudi Arabia has previously relied on Pakistani military support during periods of regional uncertainty. Meanwhile, tensions surrounding the Strait of Hormuz continue to intensify. Iran has reportedly warned the United States against interfering in the region and demanded an end to pressure tactics related to maritime routes. Iranian officials also issued strong statements threatening retaliation if military pressure increases further.

The Strait of Hormuz remains one of the world’s most critical shipping routes, handling a significant portion of global oil and gas transportation. Any disruption in the area could severely impact international energy markets, including India’s fuel imports. In another major development, reports claimed that a drone attack took place near the Barakah nuclear power facility in the United Arab Emirates. A fire reportedly broke out outside the plant premises after the incident. Though no official confirmation has been issued regarding responsibility for the attack, preliminary suspicions reportedly point toward Iran-backed elements.

The incident has added to fears that Gulf countries could increasingly become targets as regional hostilities grow sharper. At the same time, commercial shipping through the Strait of Hormuz remains under pressure. Despite security concerns, multiple LPG tankers have continued to reach India through the route. Reports suggest that at least 15 LPG ships have arrived safely in Indian ports since the recent escalation began.

One of the vessels, identified as “Simi,” reportedly carried nearly 20,000 tonnes of LPG to Kandla Port. Indian authorities are closely monitoring developments in the Gulf region due to concerns that any prolonged disruption could lead to sharp increases in fuel prices and supply chain instability. India has also expressed concern at the international level regarding the security of maritime trade routes. India’s Permanent Representative to the United Nations reportedly stated that halting commercial shipping in the Strait of Hormuz would be unacceptable and could create serious consequences for global trade and energy security.

The United States has also continued diplomatic and military consultations regarding Iran. Former US President Donald Trump reportedly proposed a new arrangement under which Iran would suspend its nuclear programme for 20 years instead of permanently dismantling it. Trump also warned Tehran that time for negotiations was running out. His remarks came amid reports that Gulf countries, including Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the UAE, requested Washington to delay any direct military action against Iran in order to give diplomacy another chance.

Meanwhile, Israel’s military operations in southern Lebanon have reportedly continued despite ongoing ceasefire discussions. Reports indicate that dozens of strikes were carried out in border areas, forcing thousands of civilians to flee their homes. The continued violence has raised fears that the conflict may spread further across the region. Security experts believe Pakistan’s reported military deployment reflects the broader anxiety among Gulf allies over the possibility of a wider regional war. Pakistan and Saudi Arabia have maintained deep military cooperation for decades, including training programmes, intelligence sharing and joint security arrangements.

In the past, Pakistan has also deployed troops in Saudi Arabia for defensive purposes, particularly during periods of heightened tension involving Iran or regional militant threats. However, Islamabad has traditionally tried to maintain balanced relations with both Saudi Arabia and Iran due to geographical, political and sectarian considerations. The latest developments are expected to have global economic and diplomatic implications, especially for countries dependent on Middle East energy supplies. Rising tensions have already affected crude oil prices in international markets, creating concerns about inflation and fuel costs worldwide.

As diplomatic efforts continue alongside military preparations, the situation in the Gulf remains highly volatile. Global powers are closely watching the developments, while countries across Asia and Europe remain concerned about the possibility of disruptions in energy supplies and international trade routes. With military deployments increasing and diplomatic tensions deepening, the coming days are likely to play a crucial role in determining whether the region moves toward de-escalation or a broader conflict.