India has backed a United Nations General Assembly resolution promoting the use of equal-area world map projections but has made it clear that any depiction of its sovereign territory must conform to the country’s official map.

The Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) on Sunday said the Union Territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakhmust be shown in accordance with India’s official map. It also warned that any inaccurate or misleading representation of Indian territory would be unacceptable.

The clarification came two days after the UN General Assembly adopted a resolution aimed at promoting a more accurate representation of the relative sizes of the world’s continental landmasses. 

India supported the resolution, but not a specific map

MEA spokesperson Randhir Jaiswal clarified that India’s vote in favour of the resolution should not be interpreted as an endorsement of any particular world map or cartographic projection.

According to the ministry, India supported the underlying principle of equal-area cartographic representation, which seeks to preserve the relative size of continental landmasses more accurately than some traditional projections.

Jaiswal said the UN resolution neither adopts nor authenticates a particular world map, nor does it deal with political cartography, including international boundaries, disputed territories or place names. 

MEA draws a clear line on J&K and Ladakh

While backing the broader objective of improving geographic representation, India reiterated its position on territorial integrity.

The MEA said India’s sovereign territory, including Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh, must be depicted according to the country’s official map. Any representation that is inaccurate or misleading would not be acceptable.

Jaiswal described India's position on sovereignty and territorial integrity as “clear, consistent and non-negotiable.”

This distinction is important because the UN resolution is primarily concerned with how landmasses are represented on maps rather than with changing political boundaries.

What is the Equal Earth map?

The UN resolution promotes the use of equal-area map projections, which aim to represent the relative sizes of countries and continents more accurately.

The widely used Mercator projection, developed by Gerardus Mercator in 1569, was designed primarily to help with navigation. However, when the curved surface of the Earth is transferred onto a flat map, areas farther from the Equator can appear considerably larger than they actually are.

This is why Greenland, for example, can appear comparable in size to Africa on a Mercator map despite Africa being vastly larger in reality.

The Equal Earth projection, introduced in 2018, attempts to address this size distortion while retaining a visually balanced representation of the world's continents. 

UN resolution passed with 164 votes

The resolution, titled “Correct the Map: Rebalancing Global Cartographic Representation and Promoting Equitable Representation of the World's Regions, Particularly Africa,” was sponsored by Togo and adopted by the UN General Assembly on September 4.

It received 164 votes in favour. Six countries abstained, while the United States was the only country to vote against the resolution. 

The initiative has been driven particularly by African countries, which have argued that conventional world maps can visually understate the continent’s enormous landmass.

Will the UN decision change India's borders?

No.

The resolution does not alter India's territory, international boundaries or land area. It also does not legally require governments, schools, publishers or technology companies to immediately abandon the Mercator projection.

Instead, the resolution encourages wider use of projections that preserve the relative area of continents more accurately. 

Mercator-type projections can also continue to have practical applications, particularly in navigation, because of their useful representation of directions.

Why India's clarification matters

India's response separates two issues that could otherwise be conflated: cartographic projection and political boundaries.

New Delhi has supported efforts to reduce distortions in the visual representation of the world's landmasses. At the same time, it has reiterated that such a change cannot be interpreted as acceptance of any depiction of India's territory that differs from its official map.

The MEA's clarification therefore establishes that India's vote was based on the principle of more accurate area representation and should not be viewed as altering its established position on sovereignty or territorial integrity.

Telangana Chief Minister Revanth Reddy’s planned visit to the United States has been cancelled after the Centre did not grant the required clearance, the Telangana Chief Minister’s Office (CMO) said on Friday.

Reddy, who is currently in London as part of an official Telangana Rising delegation, was scheduled to travel from the UK to the US before returning to Hyderabad on August 30. He will now return to Telangana on August 23 instead.

The CMO alleged that the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) refused permission for the US leg of the trip on "political grounds". The Centre’s position on the allegation was not included in the statement issued by the Telangana government.

US Leg Of Tour Cancelled

According to the CMO, the official delegation led by Reddy had planned a series of engagements in the US after completing his UK programme.

The chief minister was scheduled to travel to Boston on August 24 and visit Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He was also expected to interact with the Virginia Tech team in Boston on August 25.

The delegation had further planned engagements in New York, including a programme organised by the US chapter of the Indian Overseas Congress on August 26.

The cancellation means these planned engagements will no longer take place as scheduled.

Reddy Currently In London

Reddy arrived in London on August 20. His UK itinerary includes engagements at Oxford University, Cambridge University, the University of London and London Business School.

He was also scheduled to attend an English Premier League football event at Emirates Stadium as part of the London programme.

After completing his UK engagements, Reddy was expected to continue to the United States. Instead, the chief minister will now return directly to Hyderabad.

Telangana CMO Raises Political Allegation

The Telangana government has described the denial of clearance as a political decision.

In its statement, the CMO said the "official Telangana Rising delegation" had been forced to cancel its US visit because the MEA had refused clearance on political grounds.

The statement did not provide details of what the Telangana government believes were the political reasons behind the Centre's decision.

Clearance from the Union government is required for certain official visits by serving chief ministers and other public representatives abroad.

Planned US Engagements

The proposed US visit was intended to include academic and diaspora engagements.

Reddy's schedule included meetings at Harvard and MIT, along with an interaction with the Virginia Tech team. The New York programme was expected to provide an opportunity to engage with members of the Indian diaspora through the US chapter of the Indian Overseas Congress.

The Telangana government has been promoting its "Telangana Rising" initiative to attract investment, strengthen international partnerships and showcase the state's economic and development priorities.

Return To Hyderabad On August 23

With the US leg cancelled, Reddy is now expected to return to Hyderabad on August 23 instead of August 30.

The development comes as the Telangana government continues its overseas outreach and investment-promotion activities. The cancellation of the US programme is likely to trigger a political debate in the state, particularly over the CMO's allegation that the clearance was denied for political reasons.

The Centre's response will be significant in establishing the reasons behind the decision and whether the denial was related to the proposed itinerary, administrative considerations or other factors.

The Embassy of India in Ukraine has said it is giving the "highest priority" to the safety and well-being of Indian seafarers stranded in the war-hit country after a merchant vessel carrying Indian crew members docked at a Ukrainian port following damage.

The statement comes after the Forward Seamen's Union of India (FSUI) reported that 13 Indian sailors are stranded aboard MV Amir 1, which is currently anchored at Chornomorsk Port in Ukraine amid continuing drone and missile attacks in the surrounding region.

Embassy Monitoring Situation Closely

In an official statement, the Indian Embassy said it is fully aware of the situation and is maintaining continuous coordination with all concerned stakeholders to ensure the safety and security of the Indian nationals onboard.

The embassy emphasized that the welfare of Indian citizens remains its highest priority and that it is actively monitoring developments.

13 Indians Among 15 Crew Members

According to the Forward Seamen's Union of India, MV Amir 1 has a crew of 15 seafarers, including 13 Indian nationals. The vessel reportedly suffered damage before reaching the Ukrainian port, where it remains stranded.

The union has expressed concern over the deteriorating security situation around the port, stating that repeated drone and missile strikes have been reported in nearby areas, placing the crew at considerable risk.

Black Sea Remains High-Risk Zone

The incident comes amid escalating risks for merchant vessels operating in the Black Sea as the Russia-Ukraine conflict continues.

This month alone, five Indian seafarers have lost their lives in separate incidents linked to the conflict. Four Indian crew members were killed after a Russian strike targeted a cargo vessel, while another Indian sailor died following a Ukrainian strike on a ship in Russian-controlled waters.

The repeated attacks have raised serious concerns over the safety of civilian shipping operating in the region.

India Previously Raised Concerns

Following the death of an Indian sailor earlier this month, India summoned Ukrainian Ambassador Oleksandr Polishchuk to convey its concerns.

Earlier, after four Indian crew members were killed in a Russian attack on another merchant vessel, the Ministry of External Affairs had also summoned Russian Charge d’Affaires Vladimir Ladanov.

The diplomatic engagements underscored India's concern over the increasing vulnerability of Indian seafarers caught in the conflict while serving on international commercial vessels.

Merchant Ships Increasingly Caught in Conflict

Several commercial ships from third countries have become unintended victims of the ongoing war between Russia and Ukraine.

In one of the recent incidents, Ukrainian authorities said they targeted multiple vessels that they alleged were part of Russia's so-called "shadow fleet." According to reports, the strikes involved dry cargo ships, an oil tanker, a gas carrier, a tugboat and floating cranes operating in the Black Sea.

The latest situation involving MV Amir 1 highlights the continuing risks faced by civilian maritime crews navigating one of the world's most volatile conflict zones.

More than 1,340 Indian nationals died by suicide in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries between 2023 and 2025, accounting for over 70% of all reported suicides involving Indians abroad during the three-year period, according to data presented by the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) in Parliament.

The figures were shared by Minister of State for External Affairs Kirti Vardhan Singh in a written reply during the ongoing Monsoon Session, highlighting growing concerns over the mental health and welfare of Indian migrant workers overseas.

UAE Reports Highest Number of Cases

Among the Gulf nations, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) recorded the highest number of suicides involving Indian citizens, with 511 cases reported between 2023 and 2025.

The remaining GCC figures include:

• Saudi Arabia: 354 cases

• Kuwait: 162 cases

• Oman: 146 cases

• Bahrain: 101 cases

• Qatar: 66 cases

Outside the Gulf region, Malaysia reported 131 cases, while the United States recorded 62 suicides involving Indian nationals during the same period. Countries including Italy, Canada and the United Kingdom each reported more than 30 cases.

Migrant Welfare Concerns Resurface

While the government did not specify the reasons behind the deaths, the data has renewed focus on the challenges faced by millions of Indians working abroad, particularly in Gulf countries.

Nearly 10 million Indians and people of Indian origin live and work across GCC nations, many employed in sectors such as construction, domestic services, transportation, healthcare and hospitality.

Labour rights organisations have consistently raised concerns over delayed wages, poor working conditions, excessive workloads, denial of employment benefits and workplace exploitation. In some cases, migrant workers have also reported restrictions on changing jobs or returning to India due to passport confiscation or employer-related disputes.

Mental health experts say financial pressure, social isolation, separation from family members and limited access to counselling services often contribute to emotional distress among migrant workers.

Government Highlights Existing Support Mechanisms

Responding to concerns over the welfare of Indian citizens overseas, the Ministry of External Affairs said several support systems are already in place.

The government highlighted the Pravasi Bharatiya Bima Yojana (PBBY), a mandatory insurance scheme for workers falling under the Emigration Check Required (ECR) category. The scheme provides insurance coverage for medical emergencies, permanent disability and repatriation in case of death.

In addition, Indian embassies and consulates in Gulf countries operate 24-hour emergency helplines, provide legal assistance and address grievances through the MADAD online portal, which enables overseas Indians to seek official support.

Calls for Stronger Mental Health Support

Despite these initiatives, migrant welfare organisations have urged the government to strengthen mental health services for overseas workers.

Experts have recommended expanding counselling support, improving awareness about mental health, ensuring quicker grievance redressal and enhancing labour protections to reduce stress among vulnerable migrant communities.

The latest parliamentary data has once again brought attention to the human cost behind overseas employment and the need for stronger institutional support for Indians working abroad.

The United States is preparing for a fresh wave of immigration enforcement under President Donald Trump, with nearly 18,000 undocumented Indians reportedly among those facing deportation. The proposed crackdown is expected to rely once again on military aircraft for deportation flights, a practice that drew widespread attention after Indian migrants were flown back to Amritsar in handcuffs and shackles in February 2025.

The latest move has heightened anxiety within the Indian diaspora, particularly among undocumented migrants living across states such as New York, Texas, California, and New Jersey, where Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) has intensified raids and detention operations.

Thousands of Indians Could Face Removal

According to reports, nearly 18,000 undocumented Indian nationals have been identified for possible deportation as part of the administration's expanded immigration enforcement strategy.

Many of those detained may have limited opportunities to challenge deportation orders, with immigration lawyers claiming that some migrants are being transferred directly to detention centres instead of receiving traditional immigration hearings.

The development marks a significant escalation in the US government's efforts to curb illegal immigration and is expected to affect thousands of Indian families living without legal status.

New Detention Centres Set Up

To support the large-scale deportation campaign, the Trump administration has reportedly established two new detention centres by converting warehouses in El Paso, Texas, and California.

The facilities, developed at an estimated cost of ₹16,500 crore, have been handed over to Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). Reports indicate that around 12,000 migrants are currently being housed in these detention centres while awaiting immigration proceedings or deportation.

Officials have not yet released a detailed timeline for the next phase of removals.

Lawyers Raise Due Process Concerns

Immigration attorneys have expressed concern over what they describe as a shift in enforcement practices.

Veteran New York-based immigration lawyer Greg Siskind said undocumented migrants previously had opportunities to present their cases before immigration authorities. However, he claimed that recent ICE operations have resulted in many detainees being transferred directly to detention facilities with limited access to legal proceedings.

He also noted that while human rights protections vary across different US states, ICE possesses federal authority to conduct immigration operations nationwide.

Immigration experts say the legal situation may differ depending on each individual's immigration status, prior court orders, and eligibility for relief under US immigration law.

Previous Deportations Sparked Controversy

The proposed deportation drive follows similar actions carried out in 2025, when the United States deported 3,567 Indian nationals, according to figures shared by India's Ministry of External Affairs (MEA).

The ministry also stated that 1,076 Indian citizens had been deported by June 2026.

One of the most widely discussed incidents occurred on 5 February 2025, when 104 Indian migrants arrived in Amritsar aboard a US military aircraft. Images showing deportees wearing handcuffs and leg shackles triggered widespread political criticism in India and prompted heated debates in Parliament over the treatment of Indian citizens during deportation.

Impact on Indian Community

The latest enforcement measures have created uncertainty among undocumented Indians living in the United States. Many families fear detention, separation, and forced return after spending years working and living in the country.

Immigration advocates have urged affected individuals to seek legal advice wherever possible and remain informed about their rights under US immigration law. At the same time, community organizations continue to monitor developments as the administration prepares for what could become one of the largest deportation campaigns involving Indian nationals.

With immigration expected to remain a central issue in US domestic politics, the proposed deportation drive is likely to attract close attention from both New Delhi and Washington in the coming months.

Government issues precautionary advisory amid escalating Gulf conflict; Indian shipping companies directed to suspend fresh crew deployment

In a significant precautionary move amid the worsening security situation in the Gulf region, India's Directorate General of Maritime Administration (DGMA) has directed ship owners, ship managers and recruitment agencies to immediately suspend the deployment of Indian seafarers on merchant vessels transiting the Strait of Hormuz until further orders.

The advisory comes after a series of attacks on commercial vessels operating in and around the strategically important Strait of Hormuz, including incidents in which two Indian seafarers lost their lives. The government said the decision has been taken to safeguard Indian maritime personnel as regional tensions continue to escalate.

Security Risks Intensify

According to the DGMA, recent attacks involving merchant vessels such as Mombasa B, Al Bahyah, GFS Galaxy, MT Wedyan and Al Rekayyat have highlighted the increasing risks faced by commercial ships navigating the Persian Gulf and adjoining waters.

In its advisory, the maritime regulator stated that the safety, security and welfare of Indian seafarers, along with the protection of Indian-flagged vessels, remain the government's highest priority.

The circular noted that the deteriorating security environment necessitates enhanced precautionary measures until the situation stabilises.

Fresh Deployment Suspended

Under Circular No. 36 of 2026, all Indian shipping companies, recruitment agencies and vessel operators have been instructed to refrain from deploying Indian crew members on ships scheduled to transit the Strait of Hormuz.

The directive applies to fresh deployments and will remain in force until further notice from the DGMA.

However, vessels already operating in the region have been asked to adopt heightened security measures and closely monitor all navigational and security advisories.

Enhanced Safety Protocols

The DGMA has instructed vessels operating in the Persian Gulf, Strait of Hormuz and surrounding waters to maintain a high level of security vigilance.

Ship operators have also been directed to strictly comply with safety requirements under the International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code and continuously monitor navigation warnings issued by relevant authorities.

Indian seafarers and vessel operators facing emergencies have been advised to immediately contact the DGMA Communication Centre or the Indian Navy's Information Fusion Centre–Indian Ocean Region (IFC-IOR) for assistance.

Rising Regional Tensions

The latest advisory comes against the backdrop of escalating tensions involving Iran and the United States, with repeated attacks on commercial shipping raising concerns over one of the world's busiest maritime trade routes.

The Strait of Hormuz is among the world's most strategically important waterways, carrying nearly one-fifth of global crude oil supplies. Any disruption in the region has significant implications for international trade, energy markets and global shipping operations.

India Condemns Shipping Attacks

The advisory follows recent attacks on UAE-flagged merchant vessels MT Al Bahyah and MT Mombasa, in which two Indian seafarers were killed.

India has strongly condemned the attacks. The Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) stated that violence targeting commercial shipping and civilian maritime infrastructure is unacceptable and called for the immediate cessation of such attacks.

The MEA also confirmed that the Deputy Chief of Mission at the Iranian Embassy in New Delhi was summoned, and India lodged a strong diplomatic protest over the incidents.

Government Monitoring Situation

The DGMA said it will continue to closely monitor developments in the Gulf region and issue further directions based on the evolving security situation.

Officials have emphasised that the advisory is a preventive measure aimed at protecting Indian maritime personnel while ensuring that shipping companies remain vigilant during ongoing regional instability.

In Pakistan-occupied Jammu and Kashmir, anti-government protests entered their 34th consecutive day this week, having evolved from initial demands over inflation, electricity tariffs and wheat flour shortages into a broader rejection of Islamabad's control over the region altogether. At a gathering in Rawalakot, protest leader Javed Iqbal told the crowd that decades of Pakistani messaging about "liberating" Srinagar had lost all credibility with local Kashmiris. The gathering responded with a slogan declaring the region would never become a Pakistani province, and social media videos have shown large numbers of local women joining marches against what protesters describe as repression and arbitrary arrests. The unrest turned deadly this week when Pakistani security forces opened fire during clashes in Rawalakot, killing six civilians, according to multiple reports. The Joint Awami Action Committee has called for a long march toward Muzaffarabad on July 15, urging widespread participation.

India's Ministry of External Affairs addressed the situation directly at its weekly briefing, with spokesperson Randhir Jaiswal saying the protests are a consequence of what he called Pakistan's long-term denial of fundamental rights in the region, and accusing Pakistani authorities of responding with excessive force, supply blockades and communications blackouts. He said India hopes the international community will hold Pakistan accountable.

The unrest in PoK has coincided with a sharp escalation in violence in Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa's Pashtun areas. JUI-F chief Maulana Fazlur Rehman said the region has recorded more than 50 deaths over just two to three days, arguing that Pakistani government authority no longer effectively extends into Balochistan at all. According to data from the South Asia Terrorism Portal, Pakistan has recorded roughly 650 killing incidents so far in 2026, including 487 civilian and 730 security force deaths, alongside close to 1,200 militants killed.

Rehman used the moment to take a direct swipe at Munir's growing political role, telling reporters that if the military wants to do politics, its personnel should retire their uniforms and contest elections instead — a way, he said, of testing how many votes people in uniform would actually receive from the public. He separately accused the military of pushing a new generation of Pakistanis toward violence through its handling of the crisis.

Pakistan Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif has sought to shift blame for the violence outward, chairing a meeting with Munir and Balochistan Chief Minister Sarfraz Bugti last week where he accused militants of using Afghan territory to stage attacks inside both Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Taken together, the three fronts — PoK's sustained street movement, the mounting Balochistan-Pashtun death toll, and a senior political leader publicly challenging the Army's electoral legitimacy — paint a picture of a security and political establishment under simultaneous pressure from multiple directions, with no clear sign from Islamabad of how it intends to address any of them.

The Centre has unveiled a comprehensive maritime safety mechanism to monitor every Indian seafarer operating in the Strait of Hormuz and adjoining waters after recent attacks on two merchant vessels left one Indian sailor dead and 10 others injured.

The decision was taken during a high-level inter-ministerial review chaired by Union Ports, Shipping and Waterways Minister Sarbananda Sonowal, who directed authorities to adopt a "seafarer-first" approach through real-time vessel monitoring, dedicated liaison officers and round-the-clock coordination among government agencies.

The move comes amid growing security concerns in the Persian Gulf following attacks on commercial shipping along one of the world's busiest energy corridors.

High-Level Review After Vessel Attacks

The emergency review followed attacks on the merchant vessels MT Al Bahiyah and MT Mombasa while they were transiting the Strait of Hormuz.

The two ships were carrying 46 crew members, including 30 Indian nationals. According to government officials, one Indian seafarer was killed aboard MT Al Bahiyah, while another sustained injuries. On MT Mombasa, nine Indian crew members were injured, with two reported to be in critical condition.

Representatives from the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA), Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilisers, the Indian Navy, the Directorate General of Shipping (DGS) and Indian diplomatic missions in Iran and Oman participated in the review meeting.

Real-Time Vessel Monitoring Ordered

As part of the government's response, the Directorate General of Shipping has been instructed to develop a vessel-by-vessel operational dashboard covering every Indian seafarer working in the Persian Gulf, Strait of Hormuz and Gulf of Oman, regardless of the vessel's nationality.

The digital platform will provide real-time information on vessel location, ownership, cargo, crew strength, welfare status, voyage plans, threat assessment, destination ports and emergency support facilities.

Officials said the objective is to ensure that every Indian seafarer operating in the conflict-affected region is individually accounted for.

Dedicated Support for Families

The government has also directed that a dedicated liaison officer be assigned to every Indian seafarer affected by the crisis.

The officer will coordinate directly with families and assist with medical updates, documentation, repatriation, welfare fund claims, salary-related issues, contractual benefits and compensation wherever applicable.

The ministry said the single-point contact system is intended to reduce delays and ensure quicker assistance to affected families.

Coordination With Indian Missions

The Shipping Ministry has instructed officials to maintain close coordination with Indian embassies and consulates in Iran, Oman, the UAE and other regional countries to obtain verified updates on navigational safety, port access, medical evacuation, hospital facilities, repatriation arrangements and ongoing investigations.

The government also confirmed that India has raised concerns over the attacks with the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and the relevant flag administrations, while reiterating its commitment to protecting civilian shipping and ensuring compliance with international maritime law.

Fresh Risk Assessment Before Every Voyage

To strengthen maritime safety, the Centre has directed that every voyage through the conflict zone should proceed only after a fresh threat assessment, consultation with maritime authorities and the professional judgement of the vessel's master.

Shipowners, vessel managers and Recruitment and Placement Service Licence (RPSL) agencies have also been asked to certify that no Indian seafarer is compelled to sail without adequate information, safety measures and operational support.

24x7 Helpline Activated

The government has activated a 24x7 grievance support system for Indian seafarers and their families to provide emergency assistance and information.

Concluding the meeting, Sonowal said the government's response would remain focused on safeguarding Indian seafarers while ensuring uninterrupted global maritime trade through one of the world's most strategically important shipping routes.

The Centre has once again clarified that an Indian passport is not a conclusive proof of citizenship, stressing that it is issued primarily as a travel document for international travel under the provisions of the Passport Act, 1967. The clarification comes amid continuing political debate over the documents that can be used to establish citizenship during official verification processes.

Addressing the media on Tuesday, Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) spokesperson Randhir Jaiswal said passports are issued to Indian citizens after a rigorous verification process in accordance with the Passport Act, 1967, and the Passport Rules, 1980. However, he emphasized that the purpose of a passport is to facilitate international travel rather than serve as definitive legal proof of citizenship in every circumstance.

The government also highlighted that fewer than 8 per cent of India's population currently possesses a passport, underlining that the document is not universally held by Indian citizens.

The clarification follows a similar statement made by the MEA on June 24, during Passport Seva Divas, when the ministry first publicly stated that a passport should be viewed as a travel document rather than definitive evidence of citizenship. The issue gained attention after questions were raised regarding whether passports could be accepted as proof of citizenship during the Election Commission's Special Intensive Revision (SIR) of electoral rolls.

The ministry has also referred to a 2013 Bombay High Court judgment, which held that while a passport indicates nationality, it cannot by itself be treated as conclusive proof of citizenship. Officials further noted that, under exceptional circumstances and in the public interest, the Central Government has the authority under the Passport Act to issue a passport even to a non-Indian citizen, reinforcing the distinction between a passport and legal citizenship.

The latest clarification has drawn criticism from the Congress party. Congress leaders Supriya Shrinate and Rajya Sabha MP Kapil Sibal questioned the government's position, asking on what basis passports are issued if they cannot be considered proof of citizenship. The party also alleged that the government was creating ambiguity over citizenship documentation for political reasons.

Legal experts point out that India does not issue a single universal document that serves as absolute proof of citizenship for every citizen. Instead, citizenship is determined under the Citizenship Act, 1955, based on the manner in which it was acquired and supported by relevant official records.

The government also reiterated the distinction between nationality and citizenship. While a passport identifies a person's nationality and enables international travel, citizenship defines an individual's legal rights, constitutional protections and obligations within India.

Officials clarified that documents such as Aadhaar, Voter ID, PAN Card and Driving Licence are issued for specific administrative purposes and therefore cannot independently establish citizenship. Aadhaar, for instance, serves as proof of identity and residence, while a voter identity card is issued for electoral purposes.

The ministry further explained that cancellation or suspension of a passport does not automatically result in the loss of Indian citizenship. Passports may be cancelled due to reasons such as furnishing false information, violations under the Passport Act, legal proceedings or national security concerns. Termination of citizenship, however, follows a separate legal process governed by the Citizenship Act.

The government also highlighted improvements in passport services over the past decade. According to the MEA, the number of Passport Seva Kendras and related service centres has increased from 77 to 545, while the rollout of chip-based e-passports since 2025 has resulted in the issuance of 1.47 crore e-passports. Average passport processing time has been reduced to five to six days, and the number of countries offering visa-free entry to Indian passport holders has increased from 16 in 2019 to 27.

The clarification comes at a time when questions surrounding citizenship documentation continue to remain part of wider legal and political discussions, with the Centre maintaining that citizenship must be determined under the provisions of the Citizenship Act rather than through any single identity or travel document.

India has announced enhanced monitoring of its merchant navy personnel operating in the Strait of Hormuz and the Gulf of Oman after an Indian sailor was killed and ten others were injured in a missile attack on two UAE-flagged commercial tankers. The move comes amid escalating security concerns in one of the world's busiest maritime trade routes.

The Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) has also taken up the matter with Iran following the attack, while authorities are preparing to introduce a real-time monitoring system to track Indian seafarers working in the conflict-prone region.

Indian Sailor Killed in Tanker Attack

According to official information, two UAE-linked tankers—MT Mombasa and MT Al Bahiyah—were struck by missiles while transiting waters near the Strait of Hormuz.

The attack caused extensive damage to both vessels and triggered onboard fires. Around 30 Indian nationals were among the crew members on the ships.

Indian authorities identified the deceased as Sonu Kumar Gupta, a marine engineer from Bihar, who had resumed duty only three weeks before the incident.

Ten other Indian crew members sustained injuries in the attack, with two reported to be in critical condition.

MEA Raises Issue With Iran

Following the incident, the Ministry of External Affairs formally raised concerns with the Iranian government over the safety of Indian nationals working aboard commercial vessels in the region.

The government is now working on a real-time dashboard that will allow authorities to monitor the movement and safety status of Indian seafarers navigating the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, enabling quicker response during emergencies.

Officials said the system is intended to improve coordination between shipping companies, Indian missions abroad and maritime authorities during periods of heightened regional tension.

Iran Claims Responsibility

Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) later claimed responsibility for the missile strikes, stating that the vessels had ignored maritime warnings before entering the operational area.

However, the claim has been rejected by the United Arab Emirates, while India has expressed concern over attacks targeting civilian commercial shipping.

The incident has renewed fears about the safety of international maritime trade through the Strait of Hormuz, a strategic waterway that carries a significant share of the world's crude oil exports.

Security Concerns Intensify

The latest attack comes amid continuing tensions in West Asia, where repeated military confrontations have increased risks for merchant vessels and international shipping routes.

Indian authorities are expected to remain in close contact with shipping operators and foreign governments as they monitor the evolving security situation in the region.

The government has not yet announced any evacuation or advisory for Indian merchant navy personnel but is expected to review maritime safety measures as developments unfold.

 India on Tuesday strongly condemned the attacks on two UAE-flagged commercial vessels in the Strait of Hormuz after one Indian sailor was killed and several others were injured, as military tensions between the United States and Iran escalated sharply across the Gulf region.

The Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) said the two vessels — MT Al Bahiyah and MT Mombasa — were carrying a total of 30 Indian seafarers among their combined crew when they came under attack while transiting the strategically vital Strait of Hormuz.

According to the MEA, one Indian crew member aboard MT Al Bahiyah lost his life, while another sustained injuries. On MT Mombasa, nine Indian sailors were injured, including two who are reported to be in serious condition.

In response to the incident, the MEA summoned Iran's Deputy Chief of Mission in New Delhi and lodged a strong diplomatic protest. India urged an immediate end to attacks on commercial shipping and called for the restoration of safe, uninterrupted navigation through international maritime routes in accordance with international law.

India Raises Maritime Security Concerns

The government reiterated that the safety of Indian seafarers remains a top priority and stressed that commercial vessels and civilian maritime infrastructure must not become targets during military conflicts.

MEA spokesperson Randhir Jaiswal also said India is closely monitoring the rapidly evolving security situation in West Asia. He noted that External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar recently discussed regional developments, energy security, trade and investment with leaders of Qatar, Kuwait, Bahrain and Oman during his Gulf visit.

India maintained that freedom of navigation through the Strait of Hormuz is essential for global energy supplies, international trade and regional stability.

Iran Claims Attack On US Military Assets

Meanwhile, Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) claimed responsibility for missile and drone strikes targeting the US Fifth Fleet headquarters in Bahrain.

The IRGC alleged that the operation damaged multiple military installations, including fuel storage facilities, air defence systems, radar infrastructure, command centres and unmanned surface vessel control facilities. Iranian authorities described the strikes as part of an ongoing retaliatory military campaign.

The claims have not been independently verified.

US Expands Military Operations

The United States also intensified its military campaign, with US Central Command (CENTCOM) confirming that American forces carried out a third consecutive night of airstrikes targeting Iranian military infrastructure.

US officials said the objective was to degrade Iran's military capabilities and reduce its ability to threaten civilian shipping and regional security.

The strikes reportedly targeted several locations across Iran, including areas near Abadan, Mahshahr and Bushehr. Iranian media also reported explosions near Bandar Abbas and other southern locations.

US President Donald Trump has additionally announced that the US Navy will resume enforcing a maritime blockade targeting Iranian ports while allowing compliant commercial shipping to continue navigating regional sea lanes.

Regional Tensions Continue To Rise

The latest developments have further heightened tensions across West Asia, with multiple countries expressing concern over the growing conflict.

The United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, New Zealand and several other nations condemned recent attacks affecting regional maritime security, while China called for the immediate restoration of safe navigation through the Strait of Hormuz.

Shipping companies have also raised concerns over increasing risks to commercial vessels operating in one of the world's busiest energy corridors.

As military operations continue, diplomatic efforts are also underway to prevent further escalation, with several regional governments urging restraint and renewed dialogue to safeguard international trade routes and regional stability.

At a media briefing in Auckland on Saturday, during the final leg of Prime Minister Narendra Modi's three-nation Indo-Pacific tour, a New Zealand journalist asked why Modi doesn't hold press conferences. MEA Secretary (East) Rudrendra Tandon's response has since taken over Indian social media: he called Modi a "quintessential Indian politician," said questioning the Prime Minister's political style "wouldn't be appropriate" for a civil servant, and pointed to Modi's electoral record — a third term in office — as evidence the approach works.

Tandon went further, arguing that India's electorate is "predominantly rural" and prefers direct contact over being "spoken to through intermediaries," calling Modi's use of rallies, social media and similar channels a communication style he has "perfected." He also noted the moment felt like "deja vu," referencing a near-identical exchange in Norway two months earlier, when Norwegian journalist Helle Lyng Svendsen asked Modi directly why he wouldn't take questions from "the freest press in the world" — a question Modi didn't answer before walking away. MEA spokesperson Randhir Jaiswal offered a shorter version of the same point separately: "The Prime Minister has his own style of communication."

The "quintessential" remark quickly became the story itself. Clips of the exchange spread across X within hours, with much of the reaction mocking the phrasing rather than engaging with Tandon's underlying argument — a pattern similar to what followed the Norway incident, where Indian broadcasters spent more airtime dissecting the confrontation than the trade agreements Modi's visit was meant to highlight. Word searches for the term "quintessential" reportedly spiked as viewers looked it up.

This marks the third time in two months a foreign journalist has raised the press-conference question with Modi or his officials during an overseas trip — after Norway in May and an incident in Melbourne in early July. Each time, officials have given a version of the same explanation: that Modi communicates differently, and by design.

Supporters of the government have made similar arguments before. BJP MP Tejasvi Surya has said press conferences are no longer the only legitimate channel for public communication, pointing to rallies, public meetings and social media as equally valid.

Critics see it differently. Modi has not held a formal press conference in the decade he's been Prime Minister, relying instead on scripted interviews and platforms like Mann Ki Baat where questions aren't put to him live. India's ranking on Reporters Without Borders' 2026 World Press Freedom Index — 157th out of 180 countries, down six places from the previous year and placed in the "very serious" category — has become a regular reference point in this recurring debate, cited by critics as evidence the pattern goes beyond personal style.

For now, neither the MEA nor the Prime Minister's Office has indicated any change is coming. The pattern from Norway, Melbourne and now Auckland suggests the question — and the answer — may simply resurface again on Modi's next foreign trip.