Xi Jinping Overhauls PLA Rocket Force After Missile Failures in Western China

The drastic action marks the most significant shake-up within the PLA to date. Last month, Vice Chairman of China’s Central Military Commission (CMC), General Zhang Youxia, a long-time associate of Xi Jinping, was removed in connection with corruption allegations. In total, five senior officers of the CMC have been dismissed, reflecting Xi’s determination to consolidate control over the armed forces.

Jonathan Jin, a former CIA expert on Chinese affairs, stated, “On one hand, corruption was weakening the PLA, and on the other, Xi is using this issue to mold the military according to his political and strategic objectives.” Analysts note that these moves are intended to ensure loyalty and operational efficiency, especially given the strategic focus on Taiwan.

General Zhang Youxia faced allegations of disloyalty, including bypassing Xi’s directives and allegedly leaking sensitive nuclear weapons information to foreign powers. Reports suggest disagreements over the timeline for a potential Taiwan operation contributed to Zhang’s removal. While details remain limited, the PLA Daily highlighted that adherence to Xi’s command is paramount for all military decisions.

Despite the dismissals, experts argue that China’s military is not weakened. Only President Xi and Zhang Shengmin now remain as active members of the CMC, overseeing the country’s extensive military apparatus. “This should not be interpreted as a weakness,” said Jin. “Xi is focused entirely on streamlining the military and ensuring it executes his vision.”

Xi Jinping’s reforms date back to 2014, aiming to eliminate corruption, reduce factionalism, and improve command efficiency. Previous measures included cutting 300,000 personnel and restructuring the command hierarchy. The PLA has since grown into one of the world’s largest military forces, with the second-largest air force, the largest navy, and a rapidly expanding missile arsenal. Official defense spending stands at around $250 billion, though experts suggest actual expenditure may be significantly higher.

While Taiwan remains a strategic priority, analysts believe Xi prefers political integration over direct military confrontation, citing high operational costs and the upcoming 2028 Taiwanese elections. Nevertheless, China continues to conduct large-scale military exercises near Taiwan to demonstrate readiness.