Western Ghats Species Discovered Thriving in Chhattisgarh's Udanti-Sitanadi Tiger Reserve

Digital Desk

In an exciting ecological discovery, the Udanti-Sitanadi Tiger Reserve (USTR) in Chhattisgarh has been revealed as a thriving habitat for several rare species typically associated with the evergreen forests of the Western Ghats, located over a thousand kilometers away.

The reserve's unique topography, where 60% of the terrain is mountainous with elevations ranging from 800 to 1,000 meters, creates a microclimate and vegetation structure that closely mirrors the moist, dense forests of states like Kerala and Karnataka. This has allowed species like the Near Threatened Malabar Pied Hornbill and the Indian Giant Squirrel to not just survive, but flourish.

A Unique Ecological Haven

The findings challenge conventional understanding of species distribution. Forest officials confirmed that the Malabar Pied Hornbill, a large bird, cannot migrate such long distances, indicating its long-term presence is due to USTR's suitable habitat. The reserve has also reported sightings of the Peregrine Falcon, celebrated as the world's fastest bird, alongside the Indian Giant Flying Squirrel and Otters.

These species are primarily sighted in the high-altitude Odh and Aamora hills, while the giant squirrels prefer the deep, interconnected canopy covers of the forest.

Conservation Driven by Community and Technology

The tiger reserve's management has embarked on extensive conservation efforts. A key initiative involves actively engaging local tribes, whose traditional knowledge is invaluable for identifying the habitats of these endangered species. Many tribespeople have now become "Van-Mitaans" or "Friends of the Forest," and have ceased hunting practices.

For the specific protection of the hornbills, the reserve has deployed five dedicated teams of "Hornbill Trackers" over the past two years to gather vital data on their movement and habitat. These community-driven efforts are part of a broader model that includes stronger patrols and better habitat protection, which have collectively helped turn the reserve into a safe space for wildlife.

A Promising Transformation

This remarkable resurgence highlights a successful transformation for USTR. The presence of these Western Ghats species underscores the rich biodiversity and critical conservation value of this central Indian landscape, making it a hidden gem for wildlife enthusiasts and a testament to the success of dedicated ecological efforts.